Sunlight produces natural energy known asultraviolet radiation. This radiation is not physically visible andthere are three types that the sun creates: UVA, UVB, and UVC. UVA and UVB are the only two forms of radiation with the capacity to surpass the Earth’s atmosphere and reach the surface. Both types of ultraviolet rays can cause damage to the skin in distinctive manners. 

UVA

• Causes aging

• Contributesto the development of skin cancer
• Longest wavelength of the two ultraviolet rays (penetrates deepest into the dermis)
• Plays a greater role in photoaging
• Damage is not visible to the naked eye
• Compromises the collagen in the dermis

• Number one reason for premature wrinkles, stubborn hyperpigmentation, and sagging
• Approximately 500 times more UVA than UVB rays present in sunlight
• 80% of UVA damage is derived from daily life activities
• Penetrates glass

UVB

• Causes burns
• Most commonly recognized form of ultraviolet radiation
• Causes the most harm to skin
• Most responsible for causing dangerous skin cancers

• Penetrates the dermis and causes skin to tan
• Reacts with the DNA found in cells, causing damage
• Intensity of UVB radiation fluctuates depending on the time of day, season, and geographic location
• Causes damage year-round
• First sunscreenscreated only protected from UVB rays

Although both forms of ultraviolet radiation effect the skin in different ways, the sun can also provide health benefits to the human bodyin appropriate doses. It is crucial that skincare professionals understand bothhow and why the suns radiation effects the human integumentary system,as well as how to accurately educate their clients in order to stay properly protected.